Estrogen-Mediated Neuroprotection: Hope to Combat Neuronal Degeneration and Synaptic Plasticity Post-menopause

摘要: Recent decade has seen a surge in identifying modifiable risk and protective factors for cognitive decline associated with natural aging common dementing disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Ovarian steroid hormone estrogen is extensively studied among these profound effects on many tissues organs, including the brain. Brain female also accompanied levels. In women, it characterized by depletion of levels menopause, whereas rodents, results estropause. A decent amount evidence associates (E2, 17βestradiol) hippocampal activity, an area brain related to cognition memory. Presence receptors (ER) hippocampus gives further being one target regions activity. Our findings have revealed that ovariectomy or leads decreased synaptic degenerative cytoarchitectural changes altered protein neurons. Further, was long-term therapy maintains plasticity, regulates apoptotic proteins affords neuroprotection neurons through both nuclear membrane receptor mediated pCREB MAPK activation. Interestingly, normal exhibits immune activation cell infiltration Neuroprotective may include its anti-inflammatory response via regulating neuro-immune pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, exact mechanism actions senescent not yet fully needs be undertaken embark processes aging. Attention now largely focused collective beneficial approach replacement shall only support function but prevent neurodegenerative pathologies.