Congenital dextrocardia

作者: Rene A. Arcilla , Benjamin M. Gasul

DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3476(61)80165-0

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摘要: Summary Fifty cases of congenital dextrocardia were studied and classified into 5 major types. In Type I (mirror-image dextrocardia) the anatomic right atrium ventricle are situated to left an anterior corresponding systemic chambers. A mirror-image arrangement cardiac chambers is present since frontal relationship reversed, yet, anteroposterior normal. II (dextroversion complex) relations normal; posterior complete dextroversion apex anteriorly right; in incomplete or mesoversion, it located substernal region longitudinal axis heart parallel midsagittal chest. III (mixed characterized by inversion atria alone ventricles alone. The therefore part similar that dextrocardia. IV (congenital dextroposition) midchest, but normal still directed anteriorly. Types I, II, III, represent intrinsic group dextrocardia, heterotaxy caused a developmental anomaly primitive tube. V extrinsic) abnormal position due its displacement anomalies lungs, diaphragm, chest cage. rightward may be plane only (simple occur both horizontal planes (dextroposition with pivotal rotation). various types illustrated angiocardiograms. incidence theintrinsic was 79 per cent, extrinsic 24 cent. These were, as rule, multiple severe together formed specific syndromes usually clinically cyanosis, diminished pulmonary blood flow. most common entities encountered tetralogy, single stenosis, tricuspid atresia stenosis. roentgenologic findings respects, consisting elevated diaphragm identical configurations posteroanterior oblique views which reverse aortic arch Situs inversus always accompanies this type. previously reported isolated probably possibly shadow medially view assumes configuration roentgenograms. Negative P waves Lead generally indicate atrial inversion, occurs occasionally they observed other conditions not associated nodal rhythm, levocardia, tachycardia. On 2 occasions we have slightly negative marked enlargement. rSr′ ventricular pattern well interchanged tracings Leads aVR those aVL respectively, typical uncomplicated presence hypertrophy constantly change relatively tall R wave QR qR pattern. characteristically consist flattened upright deep Q T waves. Similar seen when dextroposition accompanied rotation. these are, however, more often than negative. Only 1 had aVL; qRs through 6 3. There no electrocardiographic Most changes described explained location demonstrated means schematic vector analysis actual vectorcardiograms.

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