Towards Optimal Control of Blood Flow in Artificial Hearts

摘要: Background: It is well known that high shear stresses and turbulence can cause hemolysis, while alternating low-level are often encountered in recirculation stagnation regions may contribute to platelet activation thrombus formation. The objective of this study apply the mathematical theory optimal control driving system artificial hearts order minimize flow-related potential problems. Methods: Blood flow large vessels be approximated by unsteady, incompressible a Newtonian fluid, which described Navier-Stokes (momentum) continuity equations. An optimization problem set up such it selects variation velocity at wall (simulating motion pusher plate or diaphragm) criterion (cost functional) as satisfy certain imposed constraints. A tentative cost functional contains mean squared stress vorticity entire domain on boundary. Constraints include matching natural rate during cycle maintaining zero net displacement all points boundary cycle. imposition optimality results an adjoint equations, have satisfied simultaneously with equations motion. solution obtained iterative numerical algorithm. Results: Examples application method presented for prototype heart, idealized model sac-type ventricular assist devices alternately opening closing inlet outlet ports. demonstrated flows reduced recirculation. Conclusion: general conclusion methods promising approach optimizing design operation and, inference, other medical involving fluids. (CVE. 2003; 8 (1/2): 20-31)