作者: Rami W. Eldaya , Simon S. Lo , Arnold C. Paulino , Angel I. Blanco , E. Brian Butler
DOI: 10.1007/S13566-012-0012-4
关键词:
摘要: Adrenal metastasis is common in oncology but patients with this diagnosis are usually asymptomatic. The diagnosis can be challenging and delayed. Incidence, presenting symptoms and diagnostic modalities are reviewed. Various treatment options are also discussed, including open and laparoscopic surgery, local ablation (radiofrequency ablation, cryoablation, microwave thermal ablation, and chemical ablation) as well as radiation therapy. These treatment modalities were compared and contrasted in regards to …