The territoriality, vocalizations and aggressive interactions of the red-spotted glassfrog, Nymphargus grandisonae, Cochran and Goin, 1970 (Anura: Centrolenidae)

摘要: In many frog species, males defend a territory through direct male-to-male interactions and/or aggressive calling behaviour. We describe the site fidelity, vocalizations, interactions, and male combat behaviour of glassfrog Nymphargus grandisonae. show high specificity males’ mating sites. then temporal spectral differences for six types vocalizations. link these vocalizations to behavioural observations, describing their reproductive contexts. Additionally, we that is highly variable includes three previously described two unreported variations. injuries resulting from report first observation multiple night fight between same males. Our observations on fidelity aggression provide evidence territoriality among Furthermore, our results suggest in glassfrogs more complex than hypothesized hypotheses e...