Non-carcinogenic Health Risk Assessment of Aluminium Ingestion Via Drinking Water in Malaysia

摘要: Exposure to aluminium (Al) is inevitable in the daily life because of its abundance environmental media through natural processes. Meanwhile, several studies have reported a positive association between Alzheimer’s disease and higher level Al ingestion drinking water. The present study first kind Malaysia which predicts human health risk via water at Langat River Basin, Malaysia. Water samples were collected during 2015–2016 from four stages supply chain basin determine concentrations by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). determined mean concentration river 2.50E−01 ± 1.89E−01 mg/L crossed Malaysian quality standard 0.2 mg/L. might be due weathering Al-bearing minerals. treated treatment plants, household’s tap after filtration water, respectively, found within standard. This suggests that there no potential (HQ = 3.81E−03 ± 1.82E−03) 95% confidence hazard quotient (HQ) value less than 1. However, authorities need careful excessive plants follow conventional method treat raw turbidity tropical changes very frequently; thus, doses Al2(SO4)3 for disinfection are crucial. Therefore, reverse osmosis technology can introduced United States Environmental Protection Agency has recommended it remove all types metal > 90%