Next-generation sequencing of DNA from resting eggs: signatures of eutrophication in a lake's sediment.

摘要: Hatching resting stages of ecologically important organisms such as Daphnia from lake sediments, referred to resurrection ecology, is a powerful approach assess changes in alleles and traits over time. However, the utility constrained by few obstacles, including low and/or biased hatching among genotypes. Here, we eliminated bottlenecks investigating DNA sequences isolated directly (i.e. without hatching) eggs found sediments Lake Constance spanning pre-, peri-, post-eutrophication. While expected genome-wide changes, specifically related pathways involved mitigating effects cyanobacterial toxins. We used pairwise FST-analyses identify transcripts that showed strongest divergence four different populations clustering analysis correlations between allele frequency shifts abiotic biotic parameters. In cluster correlated with increased abundance cyanobacteria find genes have been reported earlier be differentially expressed response toxin microcystin microcystin-free cyanobacteria. further reveal enrichment gene ontology terms shown microcystin-related responses other but not yet are candidate loci for adaptation natural abundances. conclusion this extracted allowed determine population