Phytoremediation potential of water caltrop (Trapa natans L.) using municipal wastewater of the activated sludge process-based municipal wastewater treatment plant.

摘要: ABSTRACTPhytoremediation experiments were carried out to assess the phytoremediation potential of water caltrop (Trapa natans L.) using municipal wastewater collected from activated sludge process- (ASP) based treatment plant. The results revealed that T. significantly (P ≤ .05/P ≤ .01/P ≤ .001) reduced contents total dissolved solids (TDS), electrical conductivity (EC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical demand, Kjeldahl nitrogen, phosphate (), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), standard plate count, and most probable number after experiments. maximum removal these parameters was obtained at 60 days experiments, but rate gradually increased 15 45 it slightly decreased days. Most ...