Mechanically reliable ceramics: Needs and opportunities to understand and control fracture

摘要: Abstract The approaches used to obtain mechanically reliable ceramics are first reviewed, with the focus on their brittle failure because this is major problem. After outlining needs improve these reliability approaches, more basic issues of (1) crack formation, detection, characterization and propagation; (2) development materials by developing tougher or new addressed. While bulk ceramics, some specific discussion ceramic coatings also presented. Needs opportunities noted for understanding cracks range from many specifics occurrence behavior both a continuum especially microstructural scale very fundamental such as fracture an atomic particle electromagnetic emission during fracture. Similarly variety toughening mechanisms material property estimation techniques so that unique materials, e.g. high temperature, analogs jade, can be effectively sought.