Radiation-induced neuropathies in head and neck cancer: prevention and treatment modalities.

摘要: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common human malignancy with a global incidence of 650,000 cases per year. Radiotherapy (RT) commonly used as an effective therapy to treat tumours definitive or adjuvant treatment. Despite substantial advances in RT contouring dosage delivery, patients suffer from various radiation-induced complications, among which are toxicities nervous tissues head area. Radiation-mediated neuropathies manifest result increased oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis, neuroinflammation altered cellular function tissues. Eventually, molecular damage results formation fibrotic leading susceptible loss numerous neuronal substructures. Neuropathic sequelae following irradiation area include sensorineural hearing loss, alterations taste smell functions along brachial plexopathy, cranial nerves palsies. Numerous management options available relieve radiation-associated neurotoxicities notwithstanding treatment alternatives that remain restricted limited benefits. In scope this review, we discuss use variable therapeutic modalities palliate cancers.