The interaction between waters from the Arctic Ocean and the Nordic Seas north of Fram Strait and along the East Greenland Current : results from the Arctic Ocean-02 Oden expedition

摘要: Abstract In spring 2002, the Swedish icebreaker Oden conducted an extensive oceanographic survey of East Greenland Current from north Fram Strait to south Denmark as a part Arctic Ocean 2002 programme study Nordic Seas, while RV Knorr Woods Hole worked in ice-free parts. The concentrated on water mass formation ice covered and interactions between Seas. CTD observations made are presented by following cruise track. They describe all major, many more subtle, mixing processes occurring Mediterranean Sea. Storfjorden, brine rejection had created highest bottom salinities observed last 20 years. Atlantic Water (AW) entering close Svalbard was cooled freshened down 600 m implying that dense, enriched shelf northern convected into core. upper heat loss atmosphere melt. About 30% went melt leading less saline layer eventually forms embryo halocline water. North Yermak Plateau well Intermediate (AIW) Seas Deep (NDW) were seen enter Ocean. 81°N masses dominated west 0°E, recirculating waters first at 79°N. properties intermediate deep exiting changed considerably Sea indicating with waters. salinity Polar Surface (PSW) increased but thickness low also freshwater content appeared be conserved. overflow plume stratified several different present sill crossing could contribute overflow. (AAW) Recirculating (RAW) (PIW) would supply dense part, ultimate origin densest component overflow, found Iceland side trench, still is open question. lid top Irminger suggests entrainment ambient small.