CATEGORIZATION BY PEOPLE AND PIGEONS: THE TWENTY-SECOND BARTLETT MEMORIAL LECTURE

摘要: In one set of experiments, the experience categorizing sets variable exemplars two categories enhanced subjects' ability to discriminate between new instances these categories. a second set, subjects that had categorized responded more accurately hitherto unseen prototype than exemplar close category boundary; but in some cases they even exemplar, further from boundary, prototype. both people and pigeons behaved similar ways. The implication is at least situations human behaviour controlled by relatively simple associative processes, whose operations have been elucidated conditioning experiments animals.