摘要: Many avian census techniques involve tallying the number of individual birds, seen or heard while an observer walks a fixed path (transect) through representative sample area. The contacts registered (N) during is function birds present in area (density = C), and probability that each will be registered, given it (detectability d). N can used alone to estimate relative abundance (index census); if d calculated controlled, density estimated (transect-density census) using relation, C N/d.
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