Affecting aspects on the behaviour of frame joints

摘要: Abstract The variation of reinforcement details, confinement and joints angle are considerable factors which affect the ultimate limit moment efficiency. joint size is another factor that significantly affects frame These previous were not considered in design. Corners may be subjected to closing moments, subject tensile stresses outside corner, or opening cause inside corner. last type moments arise more detailing problems. Opening found retaining walls water tanks, open channels, bridge abutments, high rises due wind effect, structures, etc. other hand two hinged fixed frames underground tanks. Hence types should compared. presented paper introduces an experimental analytical study order investigate effect confinement, size, on efficiency comparison between joints. Experimentally, a total eleven specimens tested under vertical load. All up failure behaviour was fully monitored. Moreover, nonlinear 3D-finite element analysis established using ABAQUS program verified with results give design recommendations for those structural elements.