Apical dominance and apical control in multiple flushing of temperate woody species

摘要: In young plants of many woody species, the first flush growth in spring may be followed by one or more flushes terminal shoot if growing conditions are favorable. The occurrence these additional significantly affect crown form and structure. Apical dominance (AD) apical control (AC) thought to impor- tant mechanisms this developmental response. A two-phase AD - AC hypothesis for factors controlling a subsequent is presented evaluated on basis currently known studies. first, very early phase consists budbreak beginning outgrowth newly formed current buds flushing shoot. There evidence that response often involves release AD, which influ- enced auxin:cytokinin ratio as well other signals including nutrients water. This immedi- ately second phase, bud under influence control. Although definitive data hormone involvement latter process sparse, there some suggesting nu- tritional linked possible activity. Stem-form defects, common multiple-flushing shoots, analyzed via with suggestions means abatement. Resume : Chez les jeunes de plusieurs especes ligneuses, la premiere poussee croissance printaniere peut etre suivie par une ou poussees des pousses terminales si sont favora- bles. Ces additionnelles peuvent affecter facon significative forme et structure couronne. La apicale regulation considerees comme mecanismes controle tants dans cette reponse croissance. Une hypothese impliquant deux phases, soit regula- tion apicale, facteurs qui regiraient subsequente, est presentee evaluee sur base etudes connues. tres precoce additionnelle l'eclosion bour- geons initiale bourgeons nouvellement formes issues d'une I lyal ieu depenser que implique souvent le relâchement in- fluencee rapport entre auxines cytokinines, aussi bien d'autres signaux incluant nutriments l'eau. Cette immediatement seconde se manifeste subsequente sous l'influence apicale. Bien qu'il existe peu don- nees demontrent implication hormonale ce dernier processus, certains indices permettent penser nutritionnels pourraient relies activite hormonale. Des defauts tige, situation courante cas multiples, analyses l'hypothese api- cale moyens attenuer suggeres. (Traduit Redaction) Cline Harrington 83