Protein Glycation in Plants-An Under-Researched Field with Much Still to Discover.

摘要: Recent research has identified glycation as a non-enzymatic post-translational modification of proteins in plants with potential contributory role to the functional impairment plant proteome. Reducing sugars free aldehyde or ketone group such glucose, fructose and galactose react N-terminal lysine side chain amino groups proteins. A common early-stage adduct formed from glucose is Ne-fructosyl-lysine (FL). Saccharide-derived reactive dicarbonyls are arginine residue-directed glycating agents, forming advanced endproducts (AGEs). dominant dicarbonyl methylglyoxal-formed mainly by trace-level degradation triosephosphates, including through Calvin cycle photosynthesis. Methylglyoxal forms major quantitative AGE, hydroimidazolone MG-H1. Glucose methylglyoxal concentrations change developmental stage, senescence, light dark cycles also likely biotic abiotic stresses. Proteomics analysis indicates that there an enrichment acid residue targets glycation, residues, predicted sites proteome, suggesting susceptibility inactivation glycation. In this review, we give brief introduction agents adducts plants. We consider stress, vulnerability proteome arginine-directed methylglyoxal-mediated activation unfolded protein response The latter linked recent suggestion sugar signaling metabolism. overexpression glyoxalase 1, which suppresses glyoxal, produced resistant high salinity, drought, extreme temperature other Further decrease may lead improved growth assist breeding varieties environmental stress senescence-including commercial ornamental crop cultivation value.