作者: John B. Dunning , Brent J. Danielson , H. Ronald Pulliam
DOI: 10.2307/3544901
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摘要: We describe a general framework for understanding the ecological processes that operate at landscape scales. The composition of habitat types in and physiognomic or spatial arrangement those habitats are two essential features required to any landscape. As such, these affect four basic can influence population dynamics community structure. first processes, complementation supplementation, occur when individuals move between patches make use nonsubstitutable substitutable resources, respectively