Biotic contexts alter metal sequestration and AMF effects on plant growth in soils polluted with heavy metals

摘要: Investigating how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-plant interactions vary with edaphic conditions provides an opportunity to test the context-dependency of interspecific interactions. The relationship between AMF and their host plants in context other soil microbes was studied along a gradient heavy metal contamination originating at site zinc smelters that operated for century. is currently under restoration. Native C3 grasses have reestablished, C4 native region but not were introduced. Interactions involving fungi, non-mycorrhizal microbes, soil, one grass (Deschampsia flexuosa), (Sorghastrum nutans) investigated using soils from two extremes full factorial greenhouse experiment. After 12 weeks, plant biomass root colonization by measured. Plants both species grew much larger low-contaminated (LC) origin than high-contaminated (HC) origin. For S. nutans, addition non-AMF microbial wash either increased efficacy LC decreased HC promoting growth. Furthermore, there high mortality nutans where died sooner. D. flexuosa, did source or treatment interaction. While affect flexuosa AMF, presence number (NMF) morphotypes NMF colonization. Adding biota reduced Zn concentrations shoots flexuosa. Thus biotic affected sequestration associated it interacted nutans. Our results should be useful improving our basic ecological understanding plant-soil are potentially important restoration heavy-metal-contaminated sites.