Embodying Inequality: A Review of Concepts, Measures, and Methods for Studying Health Consequences of Discrimination:

摘要: Investigating effects of discrimination upon health requires clear concepts, methods, and measures. At issue are both economic consequences accumulated insults arising from everyday at times violent experiences being treated as a second-class citizen, each every level. Guidelines for epidemiologic investigations other public research on ways people embody racism, sexism, forms social inequality, however, not well defined, in this area is its infancy. Employing an ecosocial framework, article accordingly reviews definitions patterns within the United States; evaluates analytic strategies instruments researchers have developed to study different kinds discrimination; delineates diverse pathways by which can harm health, outright distorting production knowledge about determinants population health. Three methods studying examined (indirect; direct, individual level, relation personal such via segregation), recommendations provided developing measure acute cumulative exposure aspects discrimination.