Mechanisms of metastasis.

摘要: The complex process of tumour cell metastasis requires a number prerequisites. Following malignant transformation with concomitant cycle dysregulation, metastatic phenotype is dependent on an altered behaviour at various cellular levels. On the one hand, this includes differences in expression certain adhesion molecules. Typically, reduced molecules (such as cadherins), which are responsible for cell-to-cell interactions, observed. Simultaneously, distinct pattern integrin-mediated, cell-to-matrix interactions found. These changes result increased migratory ability cells, further depends controlled degradation extracellular matrix components by proteases. In particular, metalloproteinases and serine proteases noteworthy context. Regulation protease activity involves cells matrix. Finally, between surrounding connective tissue mediated cytokines growth factors important, especially angiogenesis. Only those fulfil all requirements mentioned above able to leave site primary tumour, migrate towards blood lymphatic vessels, enter circulation and, finally, cause distant organ metastasis.