Striving for Better Jobs: The Challenge of Informality in the Middle East and North Africa

摘要: Economic growth has been sustained for many years pre-crisis in the region, but this not resulted creation of an adequate number jobs and succeeded, at best, generating low-quality, informal jobs. The report addresses one margin exclusion: employment vulnerabilities lack opportunities associated with it. analyzes constraints that prevent workers from becoming formal discusses policy options to effectively address these constraints. This looks informality through a human development angle focuses particularly on employment. Informality is complex phenomenon, comprising unpaid without social security or health insurance coverage, small micro-firms operate outside regulatory framework large registered firms may partially evade corporate taxes contributions. first section provides detailed profile region. second describes characteristics larger do fully comply contribution requirements tax obligations. third presents firm. fourth informality: choice exclusion? fifth expanding coverage pension systems promoting better quality