摘要: I present a multi-impact economic valuation framework called the Social Cost of Atmospheric Release (SCAR) that extends Carbon (SCC) used previously for carbon dioxide (CO2) to broader range pollutants and impacts. Values consistently incorporate health impacts air quality along with climate damages. The latter include damages associated aerosol-induced hydrologic cycle changes lead net benefits when reducing cooling aerosols. Evaluating 1 % reduction in current global emissions, high discount rate are greatest reductions co-emitted products incomplete combustion (PIC), followed by sulfur (SO2), nitrogen oxides (NOx) then CO2, ammonia methane. With low rate, PIC, CO2 SO2 next, NOx These results suggest efforts mitigate atmosphere-related environmental should target broad set emissions including methane aerosol/ozone precursors. Illustrative calculations indicate $330-970 billion yr−1 US electricity generation (~14–34¢ per kWh coal, ~4–18¢ gas) $3.80 (−1.80/+2.10) gallon gasoline ($4.80 (−3.10/+3.50) diesel). total plus costs much greater coal-fired power than other types generation, vehicles substantially exceed those electric vehicles.
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