Can Extractive Reserves Save the Rain Forest? An Ecological and Socioeconomic Comparison of Nontimber Forest Product Extraction Systems in Petén, Guatemala, and West Kalimantan, Indonesia

摘要: Beginning with the efforts of National Council Rubber Tappers in Brazil, considerable excitement has been generated over past few years among conservation and development community about prospects establishing extractive reserves that can maintain biodiversity while simultaneously providing a sustainable economic return to local peoples governments (Fearnside 1989a; Schwartzman 1989; Allegretti 1990). This was fueled by an article Nature (Peters et al. 1989) proposing long-term financial from harvest nontimber forest products found hectare Amazonian rain far outweighed net benefits timber production or agricultural conversion same area land.