European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition/European Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Management of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children in Europe: Update 2014

摘要: Objectives These guidelines update and extend evidence-based indications for the management of children with acute gastroenteritis in Europe. Methods The guideline development group formulated questions, identified data, recommendations. latter were graded Muir Gray system and, parallel, Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development Evaluations system. Results Gastroenteritis severity is linked to etiology, rotavirus most severe infectious agent frequently associated dehydration. Dehydration reflects should be monitored by established score systems. Investigations are generally not needed. Oral rehydration hypoosmolar solution major treatment start as soon possible. Breast-feeding interrupted. Regular feeding continue no dietary changes including milk. Data suggest that hospital setting, non-breast-fed infants young children, lactose-free feeds can considered gastroenteritis. Active therapy may reduce duration diarrhea. Effective interventions include administration specific probiotics such Lactobacillus GG or Saccharomyces boulardii, diosmectite racecadotril. Anti-infectious drugs given exceptional cases. Ondansetron effective against vomiting, but its routine use requires safety clearance warning about cardiac effects. Hospitalization reserved requiring enteral/parenteral rehydration; cases managed an outpatients setting. Enteral superior intravenous rehydration. Ultrarapid schemes standard higher readmission rates. Conclusions Acute best using a few simple, well-defined medical interventions.