Combining single- and repeated-visit occupancy models to make the best of monitoring surveys

摘要: 1. A major challenge in applied ecology consists integrating knowledge from different datasets to produce robust ecological indicators. To estimate species distribution, occupancy models are a flexible framework that can accommodate several obtained sampling methods. However, repeating visits at sites is prerequisite for using standard models, which may limit their use. Under certain conditions, detection/non-detection data collected during single visit be analysed with models. date however, single-visit have never been used combine datasets. 2. Here, we developed an approach combines multi-method and As case study, estimated the distribution of Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) over North-western Mediterranean Sea by combining 24,624 km aerial surveys 21,464 at-sea monitoring. We compared outputs single- vs. repeated-visit single-method models. 3. Multi-method allowed better coverage both coasts high seas provided precision estimates than or isolation. 4. Overall, produced similar inference about bottlenose dolphins. This suggests provide estimates, open promising perspectives use non-standardized datasets. 5. Synthesis applications: Single-visit help making best out monitoring programs optimizing cost effectiveness through formal combination