Chemoprotection against cancer by induction of Phase 2 enzymes

摘要: Induction of Phase 2 enzymes is an effective and sufficient strategy for achieving protection against the toxic neoplastic effects many carcinogens. It proposed that concept as being responsible only conjugation functionalized xenobiotics with endogenous cellular ligands such glutathione (glutathione S-transferases) glucuronic acid (UDP-glucuronosyltransferases) be expanded to include proteins following common characteristics: (a) coordinate induction by a broad range chemical agents all have capacity react sulfhydryl groups; (b) possible regulation promoter elements; (c) catalysis reactions lead comprehensive electrophile reactive oxygen toxicities, wide variety mechanisms. These mechanisms include: ligands, modification features molecules can damage DNA other macromolecules, generation or augementation antioxidants. In addition above conjugating enzymes, provisional partial list might NAD(P)H:quinone reductase, epoxide hydrolase, dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, heme oxygenase-1, leukotriene B4 aflatoxin B1 ferritin.