Future directions in neoadjuvant therapy of rectal cancer: Maximizing pathological complete response rates

摘要: Abstract Neoadjuvant therapy is widely accepted as the current standard of care for localized rectal cancer. Downstaging disease has been significantly improved and pathological complete response rates (pCR) which were historically below 10% with preoperative radiation alone, now range from 15% to 30% chemo-radiation. While availability new chemotherapeutic drugs (Irinotecan, Oxaliplatin, etc.) molecular targeted agents (Bevacizamab, Cetuximab, hold a great deal promise, results recent studies indicate that pCR rate neoadjuvant appears have plateaued at 20–30%. The use more intensive multidrug combinations has, however, increased toxicity treatment. New paradigms in are therefore needed further improve This review presents strategies therapy, potential also survival patients.