The sequence effect and gait festination in Parkinson disease: contributors to freezing of gait?

摘要: Festination and freezing of gait (FOG) are poorly understood disorders that cause disability falls in people with Parkinson disease (PD). In PD, basal ganglia malfunction leads to motor set deficits (hypokinesia), while altered cue production a sequence effect, whereby movements becomes progressively smaller as festination. We suggest both factors may contribute FOG. Disturbance maintenance by the PD has previously been examined gait, but limited systematic evaluation effect exists. this study, we investigated step-to-step amplitude relationship 10 subjects clinical evidence festination Four conditions were examined: off levodopa, attentional strategies, visual cues, on levodopa. Participants demonstrated (F = 6.24; P 0.001), which was reversed only use cues. contrast, medication, cues all improved hypokinesia. Variability marked within between participants conditions. The variability FOG is suggested relate combination factors, including its variability, well severity hypokinesia response medications. © 2006 Movement Disorder Society