A Single-Cell Atlas of Cell Types, States, and Other Transcriptional Patterns from Nine Regions of the Adult Mouse Brain

摘要: The mammalian brain is composed of diverse, specialized cell populations, few which we fully understand. To more systematically ascertain and learn from cellular specializations in the brain, used Drop-seq to perform single-cell RNA sequencing 690,000 cells sampled nine regions adult mouse brain: frontal posterior cortex (156,000 99,000 cells, respectively), hippocampus (113,000), thalamus (89,000), cerebellum (26,000), all basal ganglia - striatum (77,000), globus pallidus externus/nucleus basalis (66,000), entopeduncular/subthalamic nuclei (19,000), substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (44,000). We developed computational approaches distinguish biological technical signals data, then identified 565 transcriptionally distinct groups annotate present through interactive online software for visualizing re-analyzing these data (DropViz). Comparison classes types across revealed features organization. These included a neuronal gene-expression module synthesizing axonal presynaptic components; widely shared patterns combinatorial co-deployment voltage-gated ion channels by diverse populations; functional distinctions among vasculature; specialization glutamatergic neurons cortical degree not observed other or non-neuronal populations. describe systematic classifications two complex, understudied ganglia, externus nigra reticulata. In striatum, where neuron have been intensely researched, our reveal previously undescribed population striatal spiny projection (SPNs) comprising 4% SPNs. atlas can serve as reference analyses development, disease, evolution.