Contingency management for individuals with chronic health conditions: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

摘要: Abstract Background Contingency management (CM) interventions involve providing reinforcement for engaging in a desired behavior, and have been shown to increase treatment adherence promote abstinence the of substance use disorders. This review was conducted systematically literature on effectiveness CM when applied range medical conditions outside Method The authors identified total 24 randomized studies examining effects four outcomes: weight change, physical activity, medication/device adherence, viral load that were included qualitative summary, 20 meta-analysis. Results associated with positive outcomes activity compared control conditions. Findings loss more mixed, evidence publication bias found both outcomes. tend dissipate contingency is removed. Heterogeneity observed across most Limitations Conclusions provides preliminary support increasing improving medication chronic health while ongoing. Future should examine potential moderators identify strategies maintain these changes over time.