TOKEN REINFORCEMENT, CHOICE, AND SELF-CONTROL IN PIGEONS

摘要: Pigeons were exposed to self-control procedures that involved illumination of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as a form token reinforcement. In discrete-trials arrangement, subjects chose between one and three LEDs; each LED was exchangeable for 2-s access food during distinct posttrial exchange periods. Experiment 1, generally preferred the immediate presentation single over delayed LEDs, but differences in delay period two options prevented clear assessment relative influence exchange-period determinants choice. 2, which delays from either alternative equal most conditions, all LEDs more often than Experiment-1. 3, option resulted greater amount if choices also produced they did not. 4, preference obtained when equal, reversed favor an latter choice quicker The overall pattern results suggests (a) is critical determinant presentation; (b) tokens may function conditioned reinforcers, although their discriminative properties be responsible occurs under reinforcer arrangements; (c) previously reported humans pigeons have at least part procedural conventions using reinforcers with human pigeon subjects.