High water recovery and improved thermodynamic efficiency for capacitive deionization using variable flowrate operation.

摘要: Water recovery is a measure of the amount treated water produced relative to total processed through system, and an important performance metric for any desalination method. Conventional operating methods using capacitive deionization (CDI) have so far limited be about 50%. To improve CDI, we here introduce new scheme based on variable (in time) flow rate wherein low during discharge used produce brine volume which significantly less than diluent produced. We demonstrate experimentally study systematically this novel flowrate in framework both constant current voltage charge-discharge modes. show that operation can increase CDI very high values ∼90% thermodynamic efficiency by 2- 3-fold compared conventional operation. Importantly, achieved with minimal reductions salt removal, energy consumption, throughput. Our work highlights readily improved at additional cost simple control schemes.