Effects of Energetic Solar Emissions on the Earth–Ionosphere Cavity of Schumann Resonances

摘要: Schumann resonances (SR) are the electromagnetic oscillations of spherical cavity bounded by electrically conductive Earth and but dissipative lower ionosphere (Schumann in Z Naturforsch A 7:6627–6628, 1952). Energetic emissions from Sun can exert a varied influence on various parameters Earth’s SR: modal frequencies, amplitudes dissipation parameters. The SR response at multiple receiving stations is considered for two extraordinary solar events Solar Cycle 23: Bastille Day event (July 14, 2000) Halloween (October/November 2003). Distinct differences noted ionospheric depths penetration X-radiation protons with correspondingly distinct signs frequency response. preferential impact magnetically unshielded polar regions leads to marked anisotropic magnetic field components. general immunity these extreme external perturbations serves remind us that amplitude parameter largely controlled lightning activity within Earth–ionosphere cavity.