Activated sludge flocculation: direct determination of the effect of calcium ions

摘要: The effect of calcium on activated sludge flocculation dynamics is investigated using a unique experimental technique. technique allows on-line analysis the size flocs during and provides valuable insight into mechanisms flocculation. Activated samples were firstly sonicated for 3 minutes at 50W then stirred 100 rpm. floc was subsequently measured Malvern Mastersizer/E. For concentrations less than 4 meq/L no significant increase in final observed even though an initial rate change could be seen. Addition greater resulted dramatic size. Results from this investigation support theory that cations are involved through cationic bridging, will used ongoing investigations to model process.