Modeling and Graphic Presentation of Acid–Base Titration Curves. Presentation of an Alternative Method

摘要: Titration curves for the acid—base–titration of polyvalent acids and bases their mixtures can be created in a simple way presented graphically. The method, an alternative to existing procedures, shall here discussion. With described method it is possible easy manner didactic purposes show how boundary conditions, such as concentrations, pKa values, Kw values (temperature–dependent), mixing ratios influence shape titration curves. comes from closed mathematical formulas, which developed form: degree, T = f(pH). An increase volume is, therefore, not considered. It neglected practice by choice suitable volumes concentrations. graphic presentation realized with help customary mathematic program, MathCAD 7. are derived familiar form pH f(T). During derivation equations bases, difficult expressions appear approximations suggested only small deviations exact nevertheless both manageable. procedure series practical examples where computed measured compared. When using acids, malonic acid or citric acid, appropriate activity coefficients have If ionic strength constant, accomplished addition electrolytes like KCl, this easily demonstrated examples.