Peptidomic and proteomic analyses of the systemic immune response of Drosophila

摘要: Insects have developed an efficient host defense against microorganisms, which involves humoral and cellular mechanisms. Numerous data highlight similarities between responses of insects innate immunity mammals. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a favorable model system for the analysis first line microorganisms. Taking advantages improvements in mass spectrometry (MS), two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis bioinformatics, differential analyses blood content (hemolymph) from immune-challenged versus control were performed. Two strategies developed: (i) peptidomic through matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS high performance liquid chromatography molecules below 15 kDa, (ii) proteomic studies based on 2D electrophoresis, MALDI-TOF fingerprinting database searches, compounds greater molecular masses. strategy led to detection large number peptides induced hemolymph challenged flies as compared controls. Of these, 28 characterized, amongst antimicrobial peptides. 70 spots differentially regulated by at least fivefold after microbial infection. This approach yielded identity series proteins that related immune response, such proteases, protease inhibitors, prophenoloxydase-activating enzymes, serpins Gram-negative binding protein-like protein. also brought light new candidates with potential function response (odorant-binding protein, peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase transferrin). Interestingly, several resulting cleavage detected fungal Together, represent tools characterize involved reactions Drosophila.