Predatory leeches (Hirudinida) may contribute to amphibian declines in the Lassen, California.

摘要: Abstract Researchers have documented precipitous declines in Cascades Frog (Rana cascadae) populations the southern portion of species' range, Lassen region California. Reasons for declines, however, not been elucidated. In addition to common, widespread causes, an understanding local community interactions may be necessary fully understand proximal causes declines. Based on existing literature and observations made during extensive aquatic surveys throughout range R. cascadae California, we propose that a proliferation freshwater leeches (subclass Hirudinida) adversely affecting populations. Leeches affect survival or fecundity directly by preying egg hatchling life stages, indirectly contributing spread pathogens secondary parasites. 2007, conducted focused at known historic breeding sites document co-occurrences leeche...