Linkages among aquatic ecosystems

摘要: Abstract Aquatic ecosystems are almost invariably connected to other because the dominant force of water movement facilitates physical, chemical, and biological exchanges among ecosystems. In this sense, we define an ecosystem linkage as any persistent or recurring process attribute that connects different in some manner. We argue such linkages integral, even defining, components aquatic structure function, therefore, should be evaluated course ecological studies. J-NABS has made significant contributions our understanding linkages. The percentage all publications addressing approached 10% recent years. Historically, emphasis was placed on upstream–downstream flowing waters, theory (e.g., river continuum, nutrient spiraling) evolved largely around phenomenon. However, have received increased attention past 20 y. These linkag...