Practitioner Review: Developmental Language Disorders: A Clinical Update

摘要: Non-specialists can identify three types of developmental language disorder. (1) mixed receptive/expressive disorders, which impair phonology, syntax, and semantics. Children who understand nothing are nonverbal, in others speech is sparse, nonfluent, poorly intelligible, agrammatic; (2) expressive disorders with adequate comprehension affect phonologic production-predominantly. verbal dyspraxia, the most severe variant, may also be nonverbal but comprehend well; (3) higher order processing semantics, pragmatics, discourse. Semantics pragmatics invariably affected preschool autistic children whom isolated deficits do not occur. Etiology predominantly genetic. Structural brain lesions detectable by neuroimaging exceptional. Severe receptive require a sleep EEG to detect subclinical epilepsy. Early educational intervention both critical efficacious.