Plasticity of the Near Response

摘要: The near response is composed of cross-coupled interactions between convergence and other distance-related oculomotor responses including accommodation, vertical vergence, cyclovergence. These couplings serve to guide involuntary motor during voluntary shifts distance direction gaze without feedback from retinal image disparity. They function optimize the disparity stimulus for stereoscopic depth perception, they can be modified by optically induced sensory demands placed on binocular vision. In natural viewing conditions, coupling accommodation modulated activity adaptable tonic components both responses. extension Listing’s law could achieved parsimoniously a combination passive orbital mechanics an active gain control ocular muscles that depended angle but were independent or elevation. normal vergence with by-product would not require dependent neural mechanism. Adapted changes (K v ) in unequal magnification (aniseikonia) adapted orientation planes t torsional disparities direction. However, several adaptation studies suggest it possible achieve non-linear cyclovergence (Schor, Maxwell Graf, 2001) depend upon (McCandless Schor, 1997).