Prevention and management of venous thromboembolism in the surgical patient: options by surgery type and individual patient risk factors

摘要: Abstract Background Current evidence-based guidelines provide recommendations for prophylaxis and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in a variety surgical patients. Data sources A systematic Ovid Medline search (from 1950 to the present) was conducted relevant articles using following terms: “venous thromboembolism,” “thrombophlebitis,” “thromboembolism,” “pulmonary embolism,” “heparin,” “low-molecular-weight heparin,” “postoperative complications,” “anticoagulants.” Conclusions Pharmacologic mechanical approaches are available VTE prophylaxis, including low-dose unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight vitamin K antagonists, fondaparinux, intermittent pneumatic compression devices, graduated stockings. Permanent inferior vena cava filters not recommended primary although they do have role prevention pulmonary embolism patients with recent who cannot surgery delayed. Retrievable under investigation trauma New anticoagulants that inhibit factor Xa thrombin will soon be