INTRA-ABDOMINAL HYPERTENSION AND THE ABDOMINAL COMPARTMENT SYNDROME

摘要: Increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) occurs in a variety of clinical situations such as accumulation ascites, bowel distention from ileus or mechanical obstruction, and reduction into the peritoneal cavity large, chronic hernia contents that have "lost their domain." Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH), markedly increased IAP, is common after extensive abdominal trauma. The factors contribute to IAH are blood clot, edema congestion injury mesenteric vessels excessive crystalloid resuscitation, perihepatic retroperitoneal packing damage control laparotomy for diffuse nonsurgical bleeding. Closure swollen noncompliant wall under tension may further aggravate these situations. has profound effects, both systemic. These physiologic aberrations, concert, result organ dysfunction failure. It therefore important anticipate IAH, attempt prevention, recognize its presence, establish treatment. Sometimes referred compartment syndrome (ACS). This characterized by tensely distended abdomen, elevated peak airway pressures, inadequate ventilation with hypoxia hypercarbia, disturbed renal function, an improvement features decompression. article discusses consequences focuses on prevention We also emphasize concept ACS not synonymous late manifestation uncontrolled IAH.