Thermodynamic formula for the cumulant generating function of time-averaged current.

摘要: The cumulant generating function of time-averaged current is studied from an operational viewpoint. Specifically, for interacting Brownian particles under nonequilibrium conditions, we show that the first derivative equal to expectation value in a modified system with extra force added, where characterized by variational principle. formula reminds us Einstein's fluctuation theory equilibrium statistical mechanics. Furthermore, since leads fluctuation-dissipation relation when linear response regime focused on, it regarded as extension valid beyond regime. also related previously known theories such Donsker-Varadhan theory, additivity principle, and least dissipation but not derived them. Examples its application are presented driven particle on ring subject periodic potential.