Challenges and accomplishments towards sustainable reef fisheries

摘要: INTRODUCTION Sustainable use is the concept that resources should be used in a way achieves balance between resource production and human consumption, such harvesting will not reduce future options for use. management therefore requires shift focus from short- to long-term profits, places importance on sustaining species with potential uses. It also closely aligned ecosystem concepts where expected maintain many ecological processes diversity while managing multiple present needs of people. These are generally acceptable desirable most members society but problem implementing them they can frequently conflict daily practices desires individuals collect resources, which focused minimizing effort maximizing short-term harvests profits (Aswani, 1998) lead ‘collective action problems’ when being collected by same profit motives (Ostrom, 1990). Further, continual improvements technology increases populations have produced marketing beyond ecosystems. Coral reefs no exception because often viewed as ‘common-pool resource’ exceptionally high biological uses pose special problems management.