NONLINEAR, NONEQUILIBRIUM ASPECTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD INTERACTIONS AT CELL MEMBRANES

摘要: Early concepts of the cell as a unitary biological entity postulated role for membrane simply physical boundary enclosing intracellular contents. At turn century, awareness differential concentrations potassium and sodium ions inside outside this focused attention on its capacity to sustain these differentials by expenditure metabolic energy, in accordance with equilibrium considerations. Action potentials excitable cells meet all criteria transmembrane currents based transient collapse reestablishment ionic equilibria. In model, lipid bilayer or plasma functions essential structural element separating contents from surrounding fluid.