Biochemistry of the uremic syndrome.

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the biochemistry of uremic syndrome. In recent years, ability to treat uremia has outstripped understanding its pathogenesis. A precise pathogenesis syndrome, however, continues elude people. Numerous substances have been isolated from blood subjects and studied in vivo vitro . Increasingly clinicians appreciate role acidosis, hyponatremia water intoxication, anemia, hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypertension, heart failure. Clinicians rely mainly on urea nitrogen (BUN) serum creatinine measurements evaluate patients with renal The metabolic changes—retention a legion substances; loss vital hormones (e.g., erythropoietin) enzymes 1α-hydroxylase); effect environment organ function, intermediary metabolism, transport processes; dialysis-related problems; exogenous toxins—observed result decline excretory function. focuses retention inorganic such as hydrogen ion trace elements, organic including oxalate, urea, guanidine, polyamines. concludes discussion dialysis related problems drugs toxins.