Experimental biodiversity enrichment in oil-palm-dominated landscapes in Indonesia

摘要: Tropical biodiversity is threatened by the expansion of oil-palm plantations. Reduced-impact farming systems such as agroforests, have been proposed to increase and ecosystem functioning. In regions where plantations already dominate landscape, this can only be achieved through systematic ecological restoration. However, our knowledge about underlying socio-economic processes, constraints, trade-offs restoration in landscapes very limited. To bridge gap, we established EFForTS-BEE, a long-term enrichment experiment. We experimental tree islands conventional plantation systematically varied plot size, diversity, species composition. Here, describe rationale design experiment, variables (soil, topography, canopy openness) biotic characteristics (associated vegetation, invertebrates, birds) site prior establishment initial effects on fauna. Already one year after plantings had an overall positive effect bird invertebrate communities at scale. The diversity abundance invertebrates was positively affected size islands. Based these results, expect further associated functions future. interdisciplinary monitoring variables, flora, fauna, aspects will allow us evaluate suitability measure. Thereof, guidelines for ecologically improved socio-economically viable management concepts could developed.