Genetics and biotechnology of lactic acid bacteria

摘要: 1 Gene transfer systems and transposition.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Conjugation.- 1.2.1 Heterologous conjugation systems.- 1.2.2 Homologous 1.3 Transduction.- 1.3.1 Transduction in Lactococcus spp..- 1.3.2 Streptococcus thermophilus.- 1.3.3 Lactobacillus 1.4 Transformation.- 1.4.1 Transformation 1.4.2 Protoplast transformation.- 1.4.3 Electrotransformation.- 1.4.4 Transfection.- 1.5 fusion.- 1.6 Transposition.- 1.6.1 Insertion sequences.- 1.6.2 transposons.- 1.6.3 Nisin 1.7 Generalized recombination.- 1.7.1 Integration processes.- 1.7.2 Recombination genes.- 1.8 Chromosome mapping.- 1.9 Concluding remarks.- References.- 2 cloning expression Lactococci.- 2.1 2.2 Replicative gene cloning.- 2.2.1 Streptoccal plasmid vectors.- 2.2.2 Lactococcal 2.2.3 Plasmid replication stability.- 2.3 Integrative 2.3.1 2.3.2 Chromosomal amplification 2.3.3 expression.- 2.4 signals.- 2.4.1 Vectors for the selection of 2.4.2 Transcription initiation termination.- 2.4.3 Translation codon usage.- 2.5 Control 2.5.1 Lactose utilization its control.- 2.5.2 Heat shock response.- 2.5.3 Negative regulation transcription.- 2.5.4 Positive 2.6 Protein secretion.- 2.6.1 Export-signal 2.6.2 Sec-dependent 2.6.3 Sec-independent 2.7 Expression secretion 2.7.1 2.7.2 Secretion 2.8 Food grade 3 Bacteriophages bacteriophage resistance.- 3.1 3.2 Types species bacteriophages.- 3.2.1 Interactions with hosts.- 3.2.2 Temperate phages.- 3.2.3 Classification phages lactic acid bacteria.- 3.2.4 Characterization genomes.- 3.3 directed resistance 3.3.1 Interference adsorption.- 3.3.2 Restriction modification.- 3.3.3 Abortive infection.- 3.4 Novel phage defense mechanisms.- 3.5 Genetic strategies to construct phage-insensitive strains.- 3.6 Conclusions perspectives.- 4 The proteolytic system 4.1 4.2 Proteinases.- 4.2.1 Biochemical characterization.- 4.2.2 Caseinolytic specificity classification proteinases.- 4.2.3 Cloning proteinase 4.2.4 Organization prtM prtP 4.2.5 Structural characteristics PrtP.- 4.2.6 Proteinase maturation by PrtM.- 4.3 Endopeptidases.- 4.3.1 Endopeptidase NisP.- 4.3.2 Intracellular endopeptidases.- 4.3.3 PepO.- 4.4 General aminopeptidases.- 4.4.1 Aminopeptidase A (PepA).- 4.4.2 Pyrrolidonyl carboxylyl peptidase (PCP).- 4.4.3 N (PepN).- 4.4.4 C (PepC).- 4.5 Proline-specific peptidases.- 4.5.1 Prolidases.- 4.5.2 Proline iminopeptidase.- 4.5.3 X-prolyl dipeptidyl aminopeptidase (PepXP).- 4.6 Oligo-and carboxypeptidases.- 4.6.1Dipeptidases.- 4.7 Transport amino peptides.- 4.7.1 Specific carriers.- 4.7.2 Di- tripeptide transport (DptT).- 4.7.3 Oligopeptide (Opp).- 4.8 Cellular localization enzymes.- 4.9 Engineering system.- 4.9.1 Construction use mutants.- 4.9.2 4.9.3 Future 5 Bacteriocins 5.1 5.2 Small heat-stable bacteriocins.- 5.2.1 analysis.- 5.2.2 Common structural features.- 5.2.3 Bacteriocin translocation.- 5.2.4 Mode action.- 5.3 Large heat-labile 5.3.1 Helvetican J.- 5.4 Lantibiotics 5.4.1 Lactocin S.- 5.4.2 Lacticin 481.- 5.4.3 structure biosynthesis.- 5.4.4 analysis nisin biosynthetic 5.4.5 determinants.- 5.4.6 immunity 5.4.7 5.4.8 engineered nisins.- 5.4.9 Applications.- 5.5 6 engineering lactobacilli, leuconostocs 6.1 6.2 Overview taxonomy health benefits.- 6.3 traits.- 6.3.1 Lac-PTS.- 6.3.2 lac operon.- 6.3.3 Xylose metabolism.- 6.3.4 6.4 biology 6.4.1 Naturally occuring plasmids.- 6.4.2 6.4.3 6.5 methods.- 6.5.1 electroporation..- 6.5.2 Liposome-mediated protoplast transfection, fusion 6.5.3 6.5.4 6.6 lactobacilli.- 6.6.1 Transcription.- 6.6.2 Translation.- 6.6.3 Regulation 6.6.4 6.7 S. thermophilus leuconostocs.- 6.8 integration 6.9 Phage 6.10 Dedication acknowledgements.- References.