Drug use, abuse, and dependence and the persistence of nicotine dependence.

摘要: INTRODUCTION Illicit drug use and nicotine dependence (ND) frequently co-occur. Yet, to date very few studies have examined the role of alcohol illicit in ND persistence. The objectives this study were investigate relationships between specific classes use, abuse, persistence over time among adults United States. METHODS Data drawn from National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol Related Conditions, a national survey 34,653U.S. interviewed 2001-2002 reinterviewed 3 years later. Logistic regression analyses used various with at Wave 1 odds for persistent 2. Analyses adjusted differences demographic characteristics, mood/anxiety disorders, other substance disorders. RESULTS Lifetime was not associated significantly increased likelihood ND. Sedative abuse persistence, but no types predictive after adjusting demographics, mood/anxiety, All ND; strongest associations emerged opioid tranquilizer ND, while cannabis cocaine longer significant CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should take care evaluate presence and/or history patients seeking treatment smoking cessation. These data suggest that predicts vulnerability