The journey of the frail older adult with heart failure: implications for management and health care systems

摘要: The heart failure epidemic predominantly affects older people, particularly those with concurrent co-morbid conditions and geriatric syndromes. Mortality heath service utilization associated are significant, extend beyond the costs acute care utilization. Over time, people experience a journey characterized by gradual functional decline, accelerated unpredictable disease exacerbations, requiring greater support to remain in community, often ultimately leading institutionalization. In this narrative review, we posit that rate of decline health resource can be attenuated optimizing management co-morbidities. However, realize objective, manner which is delivered frail must restructured, from bedside level system, order optimally anticipate, diagnose manage